| In-Line Mechanical Pump |
CAV / Lucas in-line pumps |
Mechanical pintle or multi-hole injectors |
Agricultural tractors, industrial engines, older trucks |
Rugged, simple; mostly phased out in road vehicles |
| Rotary Distributor Pump |
DPA series, DP200, DP210, DP310 |
Mechanical (DPA, DP200) or electronic solenoid injectors (DP210, DP310) |
Passenger cars, vans, light trucks, small tractors |
Compact, cost-effective; later models allow electronic timing |
| Electronic Unit Pump (EUP) |
Delphi EUP systems |
Separate multi-hole injectors (mechanical or solenoid-controlled) |
Heavy-duty trucks, buses |
Each cylinder has its own camshaft-driven pump |
| Electronic Unit Injector (EUI) |
Delphi EUI systems |
Unit injectors (pump + nozzle in one body) |
Heavy-duty trucks (Volvo, Renault, Mack), marine, off-highway |
High pressure with individual electronic control |
| Common Rail High-Pressure Pump |
DFP1, DFP3, DFP6, DFP7 |
Solenoid or piezo common rail injectors |
Modern diesel cars, vans, trucks, off-highway machinery |
Very high pressures (~2,500 bar), multiple injections per stroke |
| Electronic Unit Pump Injector (EUPI) |
Delphi EUPI systems |
Combined pump-injector assemblies |
Medium-duty trucks, industrial engines |
Compact per-cylinder modules, simplifies fuel lines |
