| In-Line Mechanical Pump |
Early Denso in-line (Bosch-licensed designs) |
Mechanical pintle or multi-hole injectors |
Older trucks, agricultural, industrial engines |
Very durable, mostly phased out in road use |
| Rotary Distributor Pump |
VE-type, ECD-V3, ECD-V4 |
Mechanical injectors (VE) or solenoid-controlled injectors (ECD) |
Passenger cars, light trucks, small tractors |
Compact, electronic versions allow precise timing |
| Electronic Unit Pump (EUP) |
Denso EUP systems |
Separate mechanical or solenoid-controlled injectors |
Medium- to heavy-duty trucks, buses |
One pump per cylinder, short high-pressure lines |
| Electronic Unit Injector (EUI) |
Denso EUI systems |
Unit injectors (pump + nozzle in one body) |
Heavy-duty trucks, marine, off-highway |
High-pressure, individual cylinder control |
| Common Rail High-Pressure Pump |
HP0, HP2, HP3, HP4, HP5, HP6 |
Solenoid or piezo common rail injectors |
Modern diesel cars, pickups, buses, construction |
Up to ~2,500+ bar, multiple injection events |
| Ultra-High Pressure Common Rail |
HP5+, HP6+ (next-gen) |
Advanced piezo injectors |
Newest emission-compliant heavy-duty engines |
Up to ~3,000 bar, extremely fine injection control |
